THE GENESIS OF ENGLISH HEAD-INTERNAL RELATIVE CLAUSES

Interpreting Japanese Head-Internal Relative Clauses

Japanese has both head-external and head-internal relative clauses (HERC & HIRC). Example (1a) shows a standard HERC. In contrast, the HIRC in (1b) has the form of an independent sentence, the bold-faced head occurring inside the relative, and it is followed by the complementizer -no and a case morpheme that relates the internal head to the matrix verb. A core question is what the interpretatio...

Learning of relative clauses by L3 learners of English

In surveys of third language acquisition (TLA) research, mixed results demonstrate that there is no consensus among researchers regarding the advantages and/or disadvantages of bilinguality on  TLA.  The  main  concern  of  the  present  study  was,  thus,  to  probe  the  probable  differences between  Persian  monolingual  and  Azeri-Persian  bilingual  learners  of  English  regarding  their...

The processing complexity of English relative clauses

Sentences that contain non-local dependencies between words have long been known to cause comprehension difficulty, relative to sentences where all the dependencies are local. Relative clause (RC) structures have been used extensively to evaluate hypotheses about the source of these complexity effects because different word order configurations can be compared while keeping the words the same a...

Processing of English Relative Clauses by Adult

Persian Speakers’ Recognition of English Relative Clauses: The Effects of Enhanced Input vs. Explicit Feedback Types

Despite consensus in focus on form (FOF) instruction over the facilitative role of noticing, controversy has not quelled over ways of directing EFL learners’ attention towards formal features via implicit techniques like input-enhancement or explicit metacognitive feedback and interactive peer-editing on the output they produce. This quasi-experimental study investigated the impact of input enh...